Appraise, Assess, Apply
Learning Objectives:
- Become familiar with additional foreground and point of care tools
- Understand basics of critical appraisal
- Hands on application of asking and acquiring skills to cases
Reading a Paper
Critical Appraisal
There are many useful resources about how to read specific papers (i.e. therapy, preventative screening, systematic reviews…etc.
For example, The Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) develops, teaches, promotes, and disseminates better evidence for health care.
- Finding the evidence: a how-to guide- 1 - Using PICO to formulate a search question. 2 - Turning search terms into a search strategy. 3 - Turning your search strategy into results (searching PubMed).
- Critical Appraisal tools- Critical appraisal worksheets to help you appraise the reliability, importance, and applicability of clinical evidence.
- Number Needed to Treat (NNT)- The Number Needed to Treat (NNT) is the number of patients you need to treat to prevent one additional bad outcome (death, stroke, etc.).
- Likelihood Ratios- The Likelihood Ratio (LR) is the likelihood that a given test result would be expected in a patient with the target disorder compared to the likelihood that that same result would be expected in a patient without the target disorder.
- Study designs- A guide to the different study types and a comparison of the pros and cons
There are several sources for free, downloadable critical appraisal worksheets or checklists. These worksheets guide you through the steps of critical appraisal. Worksheets are tailored to the type of study being appraised.
- Critical Appraisal Worksheet by CEBM Centre for Evidence-based Medicine provides useful tools and downloads for the critical appraisal of different types of medical evidence. Example appraisal sheets are provided together with several helpful examples.
- CASP Checklists This set of eight (8) critical appraisal tools are designed to be used when reading research, these include tools for Systematic Reviews, Randomized Controlled Trials, Cohort Studies, Case-Control Studies, Economic Evaluations, Diagnostic Studies, Qualitative studies, and Clinical Prediction Rule.
- Knowledge Translation Program (Toronto) Critical appraisal worksheets from the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Toronto, including the worksheets for diagnosis, harm, prognosis, systematic review, and therapy.
Evidence Based Medicine Books
How to Read a Paper by
Required reading in many medical and healthcare institutions, How to Read a Paper is a clear and wide-ranging introduction to evidence-based medicine and healthcare, helping readers to understand its central principles, critically evaluate published data, and implement the results in practical settings. Author Trisha Greenhalgh guides readers through each fundamental step of inquiry, from searching the literature to assessing methodological quality and appraising statistics. How to Read a Paper addresses the common criticisms of evidence-based healthcare, dispelling many of its myths and misconceptions, while providing a pragmatic framework for testing the validity of healthcare literature. Now in its sixth edition, this informative text includes new and expanded discussions of study bias, political interference in published reports, medical statistics, big data and more. Offers user-friendly guidance on evidence-based healthcare that is applicable to both experienced and novice readers Authored by an internationally recognised practitioner and researcher in evidence-based healthcare and primary care Includes updated references, additional figures, improved checklists and more How to Read a Paper is an ideal resource for healthcare students, practitioners and anyone seeking an accessible introduction to evidence-based healthcare.
ISBN: 9781119484721Publication Date: 2019-04-04
Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: a Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice, 3E by
The leading guide to the principles and clinical applications of evidence-based medicine--updated with new examples and new chapters A Doody's Core Title for 2019! Revised and updated to reflect the latest in medical research and evidence-based resources Practical focus and organization to guide clinicians through the fundamentals of using the medical literature to the more advanced strategies and skills for use in patient care, using the key questions to assess any new research: What are the results? How serious is the risk of bias? How do I apply the results to patient care? Updated real-world examples drawn from the medical literature New chapters that reflect the changing complexity of medical research and literature, including genetic association studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, network meta-analysis, noninferiority trials, quality improvement, and evidence-based medicine and the theory of knowledge New emphasis on understanding the role of patient preferences and preappraised resources that provide updated evidence and evidence-based recommendations for practice
Call Number: WB 39 U84 2015ISBN: 9780071790710Publication Date: 2015
BrowZine
Browse the most recent issues of a wide array of journals in an electronic format. You can build your own bookshelf of journals you would like to receive updates when new issues come out.
- iPad version provides PDFs that can be saved in a variety of programs such as reference management software, Box.com or Notability.
- Web Version allows patrons to read articles online from a web browser.
- Receive email updates when a new issue saved to your bookshelf is available
- Requires an account to save favorite journals.
- Available to University of Rochester students, staff, and faculty from Miner Library.
Levels of Evidence and Study Designs
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Spotting Bad Science
